GA Notes:”Main Passes of Himalayas “
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Main Passes of Himalayas
Aghil Pass:
• Situated to the north of K2 in the Karakoram.
• Joins Ladakh with the Xinjiang(Sinkiang) Province of China.
Banihal Pass:
• Situated in the Pir-Panjal Range
• Joins Jammu with Srinagar.
• The Jawahar Tunnel was inaugurated in December 1956.
Bara Lacha:
• Situated in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Joins Manali and Leh.
Bomdi La:
• Situated to the east of Bhutan in the Greater Himalayas in Arunachal Pradesh.
• Joins Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa (The Capital of Tibet).
Burzail Pass:
• Situated close to the Line of Control demarcating India and Pakistan.
• It connects the Kashmir Valley with the Deosai Plains of Ladakh.
Chang-La:
• It is a high mountain pass in the Greater Himalayas.
• It’s one of the highest mountain roads of the country.
• The Changla Pass is the main gateway for the Changthang Plateau situated in the Himalayas.
Debsa Pass:
• Situated in Greater Himalayas between the Kullu and Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh.
• Connects Spiti Valley and Parvati Valley.
Dihang Pass:
• Situated in the state pf Arunachal Pradesh.
• It connects Arunachal Pradesh with Mandalay(Myanmar).
Diphu Pass:
• Situated in the eastern part of Arunachal Pradesh.
• It is a traditional pass between India and Myanmar which provides an easy and shortest access to Mandalaya.
Imis La:
• Located on the southern edge of Leh District.
• This pass is a gateway to Tibet (China) from Leh.
Khardung La:
• Situated in the Ladakh region of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is the highest motorable pass in the country.
• It joins Leh with Siachin glacier.
Khunjerab Pass:
• Situated in the Karakoram Mountains.
• It is a traditional pass between Ladakh and the Sinkiang Province of China.
Jelep La:
• It is a high mountain pass between East Sikkim District, Sikkim, India and Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
• It is on a route that connects Lhasa to India.
• This pass connects Sikkim with Lhasa, passes through the Chumbi Valley.
Lanak La:
• Situated in the Aksai-Chin(Ladakh).
• It connects Ladakh with Lhasa.
Likhapani/Pangsau Pass:
• It lies on the crest of the Patkai Hills on the India-Burma (Myanmar) border.
• The pass offers one of the easiest routes into Burma from the Assam plains.
Lipu Lekh:
• Situated in the Pithoragarh District.
• It connects Uttarakhand with Tibet.
• The pilgrims for Mansarovar Lake travel through this pass.
Mana Pass:
• Situated in the Greater Himalayas.
• It connects Uttarakhand with Tibet.
Mangsha Dhura Pass:
• Situated in the district of Pithoragarh.
• It connects Uttarakhand with Tibet.
• The pilgrims for Mansarovar cross this pass.
Mulinga La:
• Situated north of Gangotri.
• It is a seasonal pass which connects Uttarakhand with Tibet.
Nathu La:
• Situated on the Indo-China border.
• It forms part of an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.
• Nathu-La is one of the three trading border posts between India and China.
• After the 1962 war it was reopened in 2006.
Niti Pass:
• It is the last village and outpost in Indo-Tibetan border in Chamoli district.
• It joins Uttarakhand with Tibet.
Pensi La:
• Situated in the Greater Himalayas.
• This pass connects the valley of Kashmir with Kargil(Ladakh).
Pir-Panjal Pass:
• Situated in the Pir Panjal Range in Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is the traditional pass from Jammu to Srinagar.
• It is the highest point on the Mughal road.
• It is the shortest and easiest metalled road access from Jammu to the Valley of Kashmir.
Qara Tagh Pass:
• Situated in the Karakoram Mountains.
• It is an offshoot of the Great Silk Road.
Rohtang Pass:
• Situated on the eastern Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas.
• It connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahaul and Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh.
Shipik La:
• It connects Himachal Pradesh with Tibet.
• The road is an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road.
• The Satluj river enters India through this pass.
• It is the third border post for trade with China after Nathula(Sikkim) and Lipulekh(Uttarakhand).
Thang La:
• It is a mountain pass in Ladakh.
• It is situated on the National Highway in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is the second highest motorble mountain pass in India after Khardung La.
Trail’s Pass:
• Situated in the Pithoragarh and Bageshwar districts of Uttarakhand at the end of the Pindari Glacier.
• It connects Pindari Valley to Milan Valley.
Zoji la:
• It is a high mountain pass in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is located on National Highway 1 between Srinagar and Leh in the western section of the Himalayan mountain range.
• It connects Srinagar with Kargil and Leh.
• It separates Kashmir Valley to its west from Dras Valley to its northeast.
• Beacon Force of Border Road Organisation(BRO) is responsible for clearing and maintenance of the road during winter season.
Kunzum Pass
• Kunzum Pass from Manali. It connects the Kullu Valley and Lahaul Valley with the Spiti Valley of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is on the route to Kaza the subdivisional headquarters of Spiti. There is also a 15 km trek to the Moon Lake of the Chandratal from the Kunzum
Mohan Pass
• The principal pass in the Siwalik Hills, the southernmost and geologically youngest foothills running parallel to the main Himalayas in Sikkim.
Kora La
• On the Nepal-Tibet border at the upper end of Mustang. The Kali Gandaki Gorge transects the main Himalaya and Transhimalayan ranges. Kora La is the lowest pass through both ranges between K2 and Everest, but some 300 metres (980 ft) higher than Nathula and Jelepla passes further east between Sikkim and Tibet.
Arniko Rajmarg
• From Kathmandu, Nepal crossing into Tibet at Kodari/Zhangmu, to Nyalam, Lalung-La pass (5,050m/16,570′), Tingri, Shelkar, Gyatso La pass, to Lhatse on the Yarlung Tsangpo/Brahmaputra River about 460 road kilometers west of Lhasa.
Thorong La
• The high point of the Annapurna Circuit, it connects the Manang District to the Mustang District in Nepal.
Sela Pass
• The Sela Pass is a high-altitude mountain pass located on the border between the Tawang and West Kameng Districts of Arunachal Pradesh state in India. It has an elevation of 4170 m and connects the Indian Buddhist town of Tawang to Dirang and Guwahati.